Sunday Emmanuel

@sundayemmanuel · 14 Nov 2021

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what is fracking

Fracking is a  term for "hydraulic fracturing", which is the method of generating fractures in rocks and rock formations by injecting certain fluid into cracks under a very high pressure to force them to open further. The larger fissures allow more oil and gas to flow out of the formations and into the wellbore.

It is easier to extract oil and gas there. Fracking has resulted in many oil and gas wells attaining a state of economic stability due to the level of extraction that can be reached. It has also enabled drilling firms to access previously difficult-to-reach sources of oil and gas.

How does fracking work?
The Use of fracturing in the exploration of oil and gas involves a series of steps. Here are the steps in hydraulic fracturing;

1. First and foremost, there has to be drilling of the hole to a layer of gas-rich shale which is about 5000 feet. This process can last for a month or more. The well is lined with steel to prevent leaking of oil into underground water.
2. Once the drill reaches the shale layer. It Turns and drills horizontally for a mile.
   
3. Then a perforating gun loaded with explosives is lowered to the bottom of the well and punctures a tiny hole in the horizontal section Of the casing That's located in the shale layer.
4. Stage four is known as the actual fracking or the final stage. water, sand, and chemicals are pumped into the well under high pressure. The combination of the fluid is responsible for the opening of the shale layer, and the natural gas is forced out through the help of the chemical.
   
5. Also known as the flow backstage of water and chemicals out of the well, after which they are properly disposed of.

• Fracking helps a lot when it comes to the extraction of natural gas and other fluids from the subterranean natural reservoir.
• For disposal of waste by injection deep into the soil.
  
• Fracking helps to stimulate groundwater wells.
• It's used to measure stress on the earth.
  
• It's used to generate electricity.
• To precondition or induce rock caves in mining.
  
• Storage of electrical energy.