(Borje, Norway, 1872 - In the Arctic, 1928) Norwegian explorer, the first to reach the South Pole (1911). His first stay in the Arctic dates from 1897, during the Gerlache expedition. In 1903 he discovered the Northwest Passage and skirted the North Canadian coast aboard the Gjoa corvette. His main purpose was the conquest of the North Pole, but when he was preparing the expedition to achieve this objective, he heard that the American Robert Peary had been ahead of him.
Roald Amundsen then modified his plans on the fly and headed for Antarctica, intending to reach the South Pole. Thanks to the expedition's physical and technical training, based on the use of dog sleds and the participation of experienced skiers, as well as extensive knowledge of the terrain, Amundsen managed to be the first to reach the South Pole, on December 14 1911, and hoisted the Norwegian flag there. In this way he surpassed by little margin the unfortunate expedition of Captain Robert Scott, which arrived at the same place a few weeks later.

His remaining expeditions, which he carried out after the end of World War I, were aimed at reaching the North Pole, his great dream, which he would never see fulfilled. In 1925, with three planes, he was closer to the pole than anyone had ever been before, except for Peary. In 1926 he made a new attempt aboard the Italian-built blimp Norge, commanded by Umberto Nobile, with which he flew over the North Pole on April 12.

Two years later, Umberto Nobile undertook on his own another expedition to the North Pole aboard his new airship, the Italia. Upon learning that Nobile had had an accident, Roald Amundsen departed by seaplane on July 18, 1928 to rescue the Italian, a company in which he found death.
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