Genetics

Genetics is one of the most important branches in biological science. Genetics is the study of how transmit characteristics or traits like skin color, hair type, eye color and risk of disease from parents to offspring biochemically through DNA with units called genes. This governs the biological phenomenon of heredity. Someone’s genetic information is called as genetic code or “genome” which is made up of a chemical called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and is stored in almost every cell in the body.

Genes are transmitted from parents to offspring in both asexual and sexual reproduction. Through the process known as natural selection, variations amongst individuals can be accumulated over time leading the process known as evolution.

Genes

Genes are specific fragments of DNA located on chromosomes that contain the instructions for protein production. Genes hold all the information required to make and regulate the expression of all the different proteins in cells. The main function of the genes is production of new organism which is similar to the parent organism.

Gregor Mendel

Gregor Mendel was a monk who lived in an Austrian monastery. He had attended the University of Vienna where he studied the natural sciences, as well as physics and mathematics.