The human brain is one of the most complex organs in the human body, and there's still a lot we don't understand about how it works. However, there are some theories about what happens in our brain when we dream.
The currently most accepted theory is that when we sleep, the brain processes and stores information from the day and consolidates memory. Dreams can be a way in which the brain organizes this information in creative ways, forming new neural connections and discarding non-essential information.
In addition, dreams can be a way for the brain to process and resolve emotional and psychological problems. Some studies suggest that during dreams, the brain can deactivate the part of the brain that controls logic and decision-making, allowing emotions and memories to be processed more freely.
As for brain activity, it is known that during REM sleep (the phase of sleep in which we dream the most) there is neuronal activity similar to that which occurs when we are awake, which suggests that dreams are a real experience for our brain.
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So dreams can be a way for the brain to process and store information, solve emotional problems, and create new neural connections. However, there is still much to learn about the mysterious processes that occur in our brain during sleep.
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