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· 03 Dec 2021

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What Is a Cardiac Arrest?

Introduction
Sudden cardiac arrest is defined as the sudden cessation of heart activity, respiration, and awareness. The issue is generally caused by a malfunction with your heart's electrical system, which affects your heart's pumping motion and causes blood flow to your body to halt.

A heart attack, in which blood flow to a portion of the heart is interrupted, is not the same as sudden cardiac arrest. A heart attack, on the other hand, can occasionally cause an electrical disruption that results in rapid cardiac arrest.

Sudden cardiac arrest can be fatal if not treated quickly. With prompt and adequate medical attention, survival is feasible. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), using a defibrillator, or just compressing the chest might increase the odds of life until emergency personnel arrives.

Symptoms of the Cardiac Arrest
Sudden cardiac arrest symptoms are quick and severe, and can include:

Unexpected collapse
There is no pulse.
There is no breathing.
Consciousness loss

Other indications and symptoms may appear prior to a sudden cardiac arrest. These might include:

ache in the chest
Breathing difficulty
Weakness
Palpitations are symptoms of a fast-beating, flickering, or hammering heart. However, abrupt cardiac collapse commonly happens without warning.

Causes of the Cardiac Arrest
Almost any known heart disease can induce cardiac arrest.

The majority of cardiac arrests occur when the electrical system of a sick heart fails. This defect results in an abnormal cardiac rhythm, such as ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation. Some cardiac arrests are also caused by an abnormally slow heartbeat (bradycardia).

These irregular heartbeats are potentially fatal.

Other potential causes of heart failure involve:

a.Scarring of the heart tissue - This might be the result of a previous heart attack or something else. A damaged or enlarged heart, regardless of the origin, is more likely to develop lethal ventricle arrhythmias. In individuals with atherosclerotic heart disease, the first 6 months following a heart attack are a high-risk period for sudden cardiac death.

b.Thicker heart muscle (cardiomyopathy) - Heart muscle damage can be caused by excessive blood pressure, heart valve dysfunction, or other factors. A damaged heart muscle can increase your risk of sudden cardiac death, particularly if you already have heart problems. Find out more about cardiomyopathy.

c.Heart drugs - In some circumstances, certain heart medications might lay the setting for arrhythmias that trigger sudden cardiac arrest. (However, even at normal dosages, antiarrhythmic medicines that cure arrhythmias can occasionally cause ventricular arrhythmias. This is referred to as a "proarrhythmic" impact.) Significant variations in potassium and magnesium levels in the blood (due to the use of diuretics, for example) can potentially trigger life-threatening arrhythmias and heart attacks.

d.Electrical disorders, such as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and Long QT disorder, can result in abrupt cardiac arrest in children and adolescents.

e.Blood vessel anomalies - These are extremely uncommon occurrences that occur mostly in the coronary arteries and aorta. When these problems exist, adrenaline generated during severe physical exertion might cause abrupt cardiac arrest.

f.Recreational drug usage - This is something that may happen to otherwise healthy persons.

Conclusion
Get frequent examinations, get checked for heart disease, and live a heart-healthy lifestyle to lower your risk of heart attack arrest.

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