Muskan

· 10 Dec 2021

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What is a heart disease?

A heart disease is a medical condition related to the most vital life sustaining organ i.e. heart. Some people are born with congenital heart diseases while majority of people acquire ones during course of their lives. Heart diseases are among the top-most reasons underlying mortality worldwide. Let us understand what is heart disease, its causes, symptoms, types as well as treatment methods?

What is a heart disease?
Any ailment that affects the heart is known as heart disease. These could be mild to severe ones. Some are inevitable whereas others could be avoided with the help of healthy diet and lifestyle choices.

Symptoms
The symptoms and indicators of heart disease differ depending on the kind. Some cardiac problems have no symptoms at all. However, the following signs and symptoms may indicate the presence of a cardiac problem:
•    chest discomfort
•    breathlessness
•    nausea
•    stomach ache
•    sweating
•    Discomfort in the arm, jaw, back, or legs
•    a feeling of choking
•    ankles swollen
•    fatigue

Causes
There is no ultimate reason which give rise to heart disease but studies has found number of reasons associated with heart diseases. Some of the causing factors include:
•    injury to the whole or a portion of the heart
•    an issue with the blood arteries
•    heart's rhythm abnormality
•    high blood pressure
•    high cholesterol levels
•    smoking
•    a high level of alcohol consumption
•    Obesity and overweight
•    diabetes
•    family history of heart disease
•    age
•    Lethargic lifestyle
•    sleep deprivation
•    high levels of anxiety and stress
•    heart valves leakage

Decoding cardiovascular disease
The phrase "heart disease" encompasses a wide range of cardiovascular problems. Heart disease is a broad term that refers to many heart related illnesses and conditions. Here are some instances of many forms of heart disease:
•    Arrhythmia: The term is used to describe a change in the heart's rhythm or an abnormal one.
•    Atherosclerosis: It refers to the tightening of the arteries.
•    Cardiomyopathy: This disorder leads to stiffening and weakness of the cardiac muscles.
•    Congenital heart defect: These are the heart defects which are present in an individual since birth.  
•    Coronary artery disease (CAD): This disease leads to narrowing of coronary arteries which reduce the blood flow. Plaque development is the most common cause of narrowing of the arteries.
•    Heart Infections: These infections are caused by different types of bacteria, viruses, or parasites.

Heart diseases treatment options
Treatment for heart disease is determined by the kind of heart disease and how far it has progressed. Heart disease can be treated in one of three ways:

Lifestyle modifications: One can avoid heart disease by adopting a healthy lifestyle. Additionally, these changes can also assist in treating the problem and preventing it from worsening. The diet could be the first thing one wish to improve. Shifting to a low-sodium, low-fat diet rich in fruits and vegetables helps to lower the risk of heart disease complications. Regular exercise and quitting smoking can help with heart disease therapy. Reduction in alcohol consumption could also improve the scenario.
Medications: Some forms of cardiac disease may need the use of medicines. Your doctor may prescribe a medication to treat or manage your heart condition.
Invasive treatments or surgery: In severe cases, surgery is the final treatment option in order to prevent further progression and worsening of the condition.  
Certain heart disease could be avoided such as hypertension (to some extend), others could be effectively managed and lastly some could be cured with the help of surgeries.

Note: The purpose of this article is to create general awareness among the readers. The information provided is not meant to be used for self-diagnosis or as a substitute to medical practitioner's recommendations. In case you find above stated symptoms in you or your known, Kindly consult a physician or a specialist regarding diagnosis and treatment.


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