Sunday Emmanuel

@sundayemmanuel · 26 Nov 2021

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What is a measurement

The term measurement in the context of the subject matter can be defined as the determination of the actual size and dimensions of engineering components or parts.

Importance of measurement in engineering
Accurate measurement is an important and sometimes even a vital part of all engineering manufacturers and in many cases the deciding factor as to whether the component is acceptable or not. The task of ensuring that the parts are manufactured to the specific size laid down in the drawing is a must.

The measurement of any engineering components will involve three separate items. These are:

Linear measurement: all engineering components part must have linear dimensions of one kind or another. He learned may be expressed as the distance between two lines. This is known as line measurement, while the end measurement can be defined as the distance between two faces. typical examples of linear dimensions are:-
1.The length of a bar of metal
2.The width of a slot
3.The pitch of a thread
4.The depth of a keyway
5.The diameter of a hole

Angular measurement: components with an angle of 90 degrees are usually measured with engineering try square. Wherever possible, it should be used from a database. Components with angles that are not 90° can be measured with an engineering protractor, which is calibrated in degrees. However, the use of this instrument is limited both in the sign and accuracy. It is customary to use a bevel gauge to extend the use of Engineering protractors. The bevel gauge is usually set to the protector and then applied to the workpiece. When a more accurate angular dimension is required a vernier caliper is used. The accuracy of a vernier protractor is minutes of Arc.

Nonlinear function: determination of nonlinear functions is a problem in engineering measurement. Nonlinear functions include the following:

Flatness: the flatness of the base can be determined by comparison. This is normally done by comparing it against the surface of a known flatness. This follows the concept of measurement which is a comparison of the unknown value against a known standard.

Roundness: three points are usually required to check a cylinder component. Parts to be checked for roundness are placed on a V block and rotated under a dial indicator. If the pointer remains zero, then the component is truly round

Parallelism:Parallelism is a measurement of whether two surfaces of an object are parallel to each other, or whether two lines are parallel. Parallel simply means that the distances between the two surfaces or two lines are constant.


Measuring methods
The method used to determine a linear dimension will depend on the degree of accuracy required. An exact determination of length is not possible when measuring and Engineering components and very accurate measurement will demand a high degree of skills, experience, and expensive equipment. In general, many measuring methods are available. Notable among these methods are:-

• Direct measurement for a steel rule
• The indirect measurement from the caliper set
  
• Micrometer Reading
• The direct measurement from vernier caliper
  
• Dial indicator