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· 01 Jan 2022

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When was medieval times

The middle Ages, sometimes known as the mediaeval times, is the period in European history between the falls of the Roman Empire in the fifth century marked the early of the Renaissance. The word 'medieval' brings up beautiful pictures of knights in dazzling armor, legendary sword and bow fights, and scenes of castles, peasants, and pestilence in the public imagination. Let us understand the medieval times in detail.

The fall of the Roman Empire
Researchers generally trace the start of the mediaeval period – the name mediaeval originates from Latin and basically means "middle age" to the disintegration of the old Roman Empire's western portion. Theodosius, the Roman emperor, split the empire among his two sons in 395 AD, with one ruling from Rome and the other from Constantinople. Whereas the Eastern Roman Empire endured until the Ottoman victories of the 15th century, the Western Empire had fallen victim to recurrent Gothic invasions by 480 AD, bringing in the mediaeval era.

The Middle Ages
The mediaeval era, as its name implies, encompasses the middle two millennia after Christ, cleanly dividing the preceding two thousand years and covering around 500 to 1500 AD. The Early Middle Ages, which spanned around 500 to 1000 AD, were the initial period of the century. Agricultural technology and farming practices advanced throughout this time, and higher food production aided fast population expansion. The kingdoms of the early Middle Ages also lived in a highly linked world, which resulted in numerous cultural, intellectual, and economic advancements.

The Church's Influence
The emergence and supremacy of the Catholic Church was a defining feature of the mediaeval era, and it dramatically affected the following part of the age, the High Middle Ages. The Crusades, which saw thousands of Europeans go to the Middle East allegedly to reclaim Christian holy places from Muslim control, were sanctioned by the church between 1000 and 1250 AD. As a result of low literacy levels and inadequate medical care, some peasants in Europe turned to the church for learning, consolation, and redemption. Universities progressively began to flourish during the Medieval Era, and the scholastic approach, led by personalities like Italian philosopher Thomas Aquinas, expanded fast.

Wars between dynasties
The development of established military and international crisis distinguished both the peak phase of the mediaeval age and the later Late Middle Ages. The Hundred Years' War, which lasted from 1337 to 1453 and saw royal dynasties fight for sovereignty of Europe's boundaries, typified this phenomenon. England conducted a number of fights against the Kingdom of Scotland at the same time as it waged expensive wars against the French, notably the historic Battle of Stirling Bridge in 1297, in which Scottish soldiers headed by Sir William Wallace defeated vastly outnumbered English forces. Between 1347 and 1351, the region was also plagued by the Black Death, which killed an estimated 75 to 200 million populations across Europe and Asia.

Renaissance and modernity's emergence
The final years of the mediaeval period were distinguished by technical, cultural, and territorial discoveries. The 14th century in Italy witnessed the start of the Renaissance, a cultural revolution that saw significant advancements in artwork, sculptures, and building. Intellectualism flourished once the printing press was invented in 1439, enabling the public for the first time easy access to new information and public communication. These events, together with the Reformation's subsequent theological upheavals, signaled the end of the mediaeval period and the beginning of the modern world.

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