Which scientific geniuses helped crack the code of our DNA?
THE GENOME
Every living organism has a genome and every genome has a code. That code is the program, which, for example,. the human being changes from a single-celled egg into a fetus, which ultimately results in a baby, which then develops further.These codes have called humans genes. They form our DNA. That defines our entire being. How we look, our inner organs, how our brain is structured.If you are unlucky, you may also have contracted a mutation in a gene, which makes you more likely to have a specific disease.By the way, it is now also known that each of us also carries a Neanderthal genome sequence.
Where is our DNA?
Our DNA is in each of our cells, where we have trillions of them. There is a storage room in each of our cells, the nucleus where it is stored. So you can imagine that our genome is super small. It is 1/100 of a human hair. But it is still meters long. It's in chromosomes, the H's, folded. (see bottom picture on the far left).
The first person to study the genome 150 years ago was a monk Gregor Mendel in the vegetable garden of a Czech monastery. In addition to his activities as a monk, he was therefore very fascinated by plants. He planted numerous plants in the monastery's garden and ended up planting only one: the pea plant.He studied them for years in different varieties and finally came to a remarkable conclusion. He proved something that had never been proven before.
It actually started with him by looking at photos of his own family and other families. As a result, he noticed that most of the people in these families looked alike.That they either showed facial features of their father or their mother.
